3강-Gateway	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

O강

2  내신대비 실전 변형문제

실전 변형문제

2   EBS 수능특강 영어 03강

다음 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

⑤

♣ which → where 뒤에 주어 + 동사 + 보어로 이루어진 완전한 절의 구조가 이어지므로 관계부사가 오는 것이 옳다.

Digital platforms have made a lot of work less       ① sticky. As work becomes ever more modularised, commoditised and standardised, and as markets for digital work are created, ties between service work and particular places can ② be disconnected. While the business process of outsourcing ③ that emerged in the 1990s allowed large companies to take advantage of a ‘global reserve army’ by moving their call centres to cheap and distant labour markets, cloud work changes the volume and granularity at which geographically non-proximate work can take place. A small business in New York can hire a freelance transcriber in Nairobi one day and New Delhi the next. No offices or factories need to be built, no local regulations are observed, and— in most cases— no local taxes are paid. The switch in the production network of work ④ happens by simply sending some emails or clicking some buttons on a digital work platform. And, in this way, the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places ⑤ which  it was once an employer.

3강-1	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

다음 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

④

♣ is used to say → used to say '~하기 위해 사용되다'의 be used to v는 사람 주어로 쓸 수 없다. '(과거에) ~하곤 했다'의 used to v를 쓰는 것이 자연스럽다.

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) ① is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes ② effective  on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters ③ mild and wet. although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor ④ is used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. The bed ⑤ in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

3강-2	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

④

♣ are → is 문장의 주어는 Loyalty(충성심)로 단수이다. 따라서 동사의 수도 단수로 일치시키는 것이 옳다.

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people ① to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics ② cost  more money and increase stress for employee and employer ③ alike. and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees ④ are when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do ⑤ that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

3강-3	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

다음 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

⑤

♣ of which → of what 전치사 of 뒤에는 명사(구, 절)가 목적어로 와야 하는데 [전치사 + which]는 관계부사를 대신하므로 [전치사+which ]뒤에는 선행사를 수식하는 형용사의 역할을 하는 완전한 절이 온다. 하지만 본문에서는 of which 뒤에 타동사 pass의 목적어가 없는 불완전한 절이 이어지므로 선행사를 포함하는 관계대명사 what이 오는 것이 옳다.

In the early 1960s the great American writer James Baldwin wrote: “People are trapped in history, and history is trapped in them.” He was speaking to race ① when  he penned those words. But the statement is equally true if the word “people” ② is replaced with “all of life on Earth, present and past,” for each strand of DNA, in each of our cells, ③ is an ancient record of biological history, written in simple code and ④ passed down from generation to generation. One could say that DNA is nothing but history, one with a physical manifestation that was slowly blended and accumulated over countless eons by the most pitiless of all phenomena— natural selection. DNA is a history that is inside us— and yet one that is our master as well, the blueprint for our bodies, and dictator ⑤ of which we will pass on to our children, gifts that can be blessings or deadly time bombs. We are indeed trapped in this particular vehicle of history as much as it is trapped in us.

3강-Gateway	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

②, ③, ⑤

♣ ② allowing → allowed 부사절을 이끄는 종속접속사 While의 주어인 the business process를 받는 동사가 없다. 따라서 준동사가 아닌 과거 시제 동사 allowed가 옳다. ③ which → at which 뒤에 완전한 절이 이어지므로 관계대명사가 아닌 관계부사를 써야 하는데 문맥상 '지리적으로 가까이 있지 않은 곳에서 일이 이루어질 수 있는' 규모와 과립상(세분화 수준)이므로 관계부사를 대신할 수 있는 at which를 쓰는 것이 옳다. ⑤ clicks  → clicking 등위접속사 or는 문장의 동사 happens와 병렬 구조를 만드는 것이 아니라 전치사의 목적어로 쓰인 동명사 sending과 병렬 구조를 만들고 있으므로 동명사를 쓰는 것이 옳다.

Digital platforms have made a lot of work less sticky. ① As work becomes ever more modularised, commoditised and standardised, and as markets for digital work are created. ties between service work and particular places can be disconnected. While the business process of outsourcing ② that emerged in the 1990s allowing large companies to take advantage of a ‘global reserve army’ by moving their call centres to cheap and distant labour markets, ③ cloud work changes the volume and granularity which geographically non-proximate work can take place. A small business in New York can hire a freelance transcriber in Nairobi one day and New Delhi the next. ④ No offices or factories need to be built, no local regulations are observed, and— in most cases— no local taxes are paid. The switch in the production network of work happens ⑤ by simply sending some emails or clicks some buttons on a digital work platform. And, in this way, the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places where it was once an employer.

[번호]       [틀린 부분]               [알맞게 수정]

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

3강-1	| 틀린 어법 찾기 |

어법상 틀린 것을 모두 골라 바르게 고치시오.

③, ④, ⑤

♣ ③ making → make 문장의 주어는 constant foehn winds로 복수이며 winds는 동사가 아닌 주어 자리에 쓰인 명사이다. 따라서 준동사 making을 동사 make로 바꾸는 것이 옳다. ④ growing → grew 관계부사를 대신하는 in which가 주어인 The bed를 수식하는 구조에서 관계사절 내의 주어 the vegetables를 설명하는 동사가 없다. 따라서 준동사 growing을 동사 grew로 바꾸는 것이 옳다. ⑤ maximized → to maximize 절과 절을 이어주는 연결사가 없어 과거 시제 동사가 올 수 없으며, 뒤에는 목적어인 soil heating(지중가온)이 있으므로 과거 분사도 올 수 없다. 완전한 절 뒤에서 부사적 용법으로 앞의 내용을 수식하는 to 부정사가 오는 것이 자연스럽다.

① Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man. localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, ② about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. ③ But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean making Vancouver winters mild and wet. although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. ④ The bed in which the vegetables growing was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees. and ⑤ the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximized soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

[번호]       [틀린 부분]               [알맞게 수정]

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

_______ : ________________________ → ________________________

3강-Gateway	| 함축의미추론 |

밑줄 친 the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places where it was once an employer가 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

④

♣ 전통적인 고용 관계는 지역 사회에 지속적인 경제적, 사회적 영향을 미쳤다.

Digital platforms have made a lot of work less sticky. As work becomes ever more modularised, commoditised and standardised, and as markets for digital work are created, ties between service work and particular places can be disconnected. While the business process of outsourcing that emerged in the 1990s allowed large companies to take advantage of a ‘global reserve army’ by moving their call centres to cheap and distant labour markets, cloud work changes the volume and granularity at which geographically non-proximate work can take place. A small business in New York can hire a freelance transcriber in Nairobi one day and New Delhi the next. No offices or factories need to be built, no local regulations are observed, and— in most cases— no local taxes are paid. The switch in the production network of work happens by simply sending some emails or clicking some buttons on a digital work platform. And, in this way, the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places where it was once an employer.

① Companies must establish permanent offices in every location where they hire workers

② Local governments can easily track and regulate all digital work arrangements

③ Digital work platforms require significant physical infrastructure in each country

④ Traditional employment relationships created lasting economic and social impacts in local communities

⑤ Workers prefer face-to-face interactions over digital communication methods

3강-3	| 함축의미추론 |

밑줄 친 we want to come to work to build a cathedral이 다음 글에서 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

③

♣ 직원들은 평범하고 일상적인 업무보다는 웅장하고 의미 있는 목적에 의해 동기부여를 받는다.

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

① Employees prefer construction jobs that involve religious buildings over residential projects

② Cathedral construction requires more advanced technical skills than wall construction

③ Workers are motivated by grand, meaningful purposes rather than mundane, routine tasks

④ Building cathedrals pays significantly more than building walls in the construction industry

⑤ Employees should focus on architectural projects that have historical significan

3강-Gateway	| 제목 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

③

♣ 클라우드 컴퓨팅이 소기업에 미치는 경제적 영향

Digital platforms have made a lot of work less sticky. As work becomes ever more modularised, commoditised and standardised, and as markets for digital work are created, ties between service work and particular places can be disconnected. While the business process of outsourcing that emerged in the 1990s allowed large companies to take advantage of a ‘global reserve army’ by moving their call centres to cheap and distant labour markets, cloud work changes the volume and granularity at which geographically non-proximate work can take place. A small business in New York can hire a freelance transcriber in Nairobi one day and New Delhi the next. No offices or factories need to be built, no local regulations are observed, and— in most cases— no local taxes are paid. The switch in the production network of work happens by simply sending some emails or clicking some buttons on a digital work platform. And, in this way, the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places where it was once an employer.

① The Evolution of Global Supply Chain Management

② How Digital Platforms Are Making Work Location-Independent

③ The Economic Impact of Cloud Computing on Small Businesses

④ Traditional Outsourcing vs. Modern Business Strategies

⑤ The Rise of Freelance Work in Developing Countries

3강-1	| 제목 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

②

♣ 미기후 조절: 추운 지역에서 더 따뜻한 재배 조건 만들기

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters mild and wet, although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. The bed in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

① The Impact of Ocean Currents on Regional Weather Patterns

② Microclimate Control: Creating Warmer Growing Conditions in Cold Regions

③ Vancouver's Unique Geographic Advantages for Agriculture

④ Traditional Farming Methods in Northern Canada

⑤ The Role of Wind Patterns in Climate Formation

3강-2	| 제목 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

④

♣ 돈 대 목적: 직원 충성도를 진정으로 이끄는 것

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

① The Hidden Costs of Employee Reward Systems

② Short-term Incentives and Their Long-term Consequences

③  How Vision Creates Lasting Cathedrals

④ Money vs. Purpose: What Really Drives Employee Loyalty

⑤ The Psychology of Workplace Manipulation and Control

3강-2	| 글의 주제 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

③

♣ 글에서는 보너스나 승진 같은 외부적 보상은 단기적 효과만 있으며, 진정한 직원 충성도는 더 많은 돈이나 혜택을 거절하고도 같은 회사에서 계속 일하고 싶어하는 마음에서 나온다고 설명한다. 또한 사람들을 진정으로 동기부여하는 것은 일 자체가 아니라 일을 하는 '대의(cause)'라고 강조하며, "벽을 쌓는 것이 아니라 성당을 건설한다"는 비유로 목적 의식의 중요성을 나타내고 있다.

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

① 조직에서 성과를 높이기우 위해서는 적절한 보상과 처벌이 필요하다

② 직원들의 충성도를 얻기 위해서는 높은 급여와 복리후생을 제공해야 한다

③ 진정한 직원 충성도는 금전적 보상보다는 일의 목적과 대의에서 나온다

④ 우주비행사와 같은 특별한 직업만이 직원들에게 진정한 동기를 부여할 수 있다

⑤ 단기적인 동기부여 방법들이 장기적으로도 효과적인 조직 관리 방식이다

3강-3	| 글의 주제 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

⑤

♣ 글은 볼드윈의 "사람들은 역사에 갇혀 있고, 역사 또한 그들 안에 갇혀 있다"는 말을 DNA에 적용하여, DNA가 우리 안에 있는 생물학적 역사이면서 동시에 우리의 주인이기도 한 상호 구속적 관계임을 설명하고 있다. 마지막 문장에서 "우리는 이 특별한 역사의 매개체에 갇혀 있고, 동시에 그것도 우리 안에 갇혀 있다"고 명시하여 이러한 상호 구속성을 강조하고 있다.

In the early 1960s the great American writer James Baldwin wrote: “People are trapped in history, and history is trapped in them.” He was speaking to race when he penned those words. But the statement is equally true if the word “people” is replaced with “all of life on Earth, present and past,” for each strand of DNA, in each of our cells, is an ancient record of biological history, written in simple code and passed down from generation to generation. One could say that DNA is nothing but history, one with a physical manifestation that was slowly blended and accumulated over countless eons by the most pitiless of all phenomena— natural selection. DNA is a history that is inside us— and yet one that is our master as well, the blueprint for our bodies, and dictator of what we will pass on to our children, gifts that can be blessings or deadly time bombs. We are indeed trapped in this particular vehicle of history as much as it is trapped in us.

① DNA는 자연선택을 통해 형성된 생물학적 역사의 기록이다

② 제임스 볼드윈의 인종에 대한 견해는 현대에도 유효하다

③ DNA는 부모로부터 자녀에게 전달되는 유전 정보의 집합체이다

④ 자연선택은 지구상 모든 생명체의 DNA 형성에 영향을 미쳤다

⑤ DNA는 인간과 상호 구속적 관계에 있는 생물학적 역사이다

3강-1	| 내용일치 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 글의 내용을 올바르게 설명한 것을 고르시오.

③

♣ 지문에서 채소가 자라는 밭을 남쪽으로 약 50도 기울였고(banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees), 식물 사이 공간을 근처 해변에서 모은 평평한 돌로 덮어서 약한 늦겨울-초봄 햇빛으로부터 토양 가열을 극대화했다고(covered with flat stones to maximize soil heating) 명시되어 있어 정확한 설명이다.

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters mild and wet, although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. The bed in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

① 밴쿠버는 49도선보다 남쪽에 위치하여 겨울이 따뜻하다

② 태평양에서 불어오는 푄 현상으로 인해 겨울이 온화하고 건조하다

③ 채소밭을 남쪽으로 약 50도 기울이고 식물 사이에 평평한 돌을 깔아 토양 가열을 극대화했다

④ 밴쿠버는 노스다코타주 마이놋보다 약 60마일 남쪽에 위치한다

⑤ 겨울과 초봄의 강한 햇빛 덕분에 다른 사람들보다 일찍 수확할 수 있었다

3강-3	| 내용일치 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 글의 내용을 올바르게 설명한 것을 고르시오.

②

♣ 지문에서 DNA를 "각 세포의 DNA 가닥은 단순한 코드로 쓰여지고 세대에서 세대로 전해내려온 생물학적 역사의 고대 기록"이라고 명확히 설명하고 있기 때문이다.

In the early 1960s the great American writer James Baldwin wrote: “People are trapped in history, and history is trapped in them.” He was speaking to race when he penned those words. But the statement is equally true if the word “people” is replaced with “all of life on Earth, present and past,” for each strand of DNA, in each of our cells, is an ancient record of biological history, written in simple code and passed down from generation to generation. One could say that DNA is nothing but history, one with a physical manifestation that was slowly blended and accumulated over countless eons by the most pitiless of all phenomena— natural selection. DNA is a history that is inside us— and yet one that is our master as well, the blueprint for our bodies, and dictator of what we will pass on to our children, gifts that can be blessings or deadly time bombs. We are indeed trapped in this particular vehicle of history as much as it is trapped in us.

① James Baldwin은 1970년대에 생물학적 역사에 대해 글을 썼다.

② DNA는 단순한 코드로 쓰여진 생물학적 역사의 기록이며 세대를 거쳐 전달된다.

③ 자연선택은 DNA의 형성에 직접적인 영향을 주지 않는다.

④ DNA는 우리 몸의 설계도 역할을 하지만 후손에게는 전달되지 않는다.

⑤ 인간은 DNA라는 역사적 매개체에 갇혀있지 않고 자유롭게 벗어날 수 있다.

3강-1	| 빈칸추론 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

④

♣ 식물들 사이의 공간

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters mild and wet, although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I cheated God to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. The bed in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and __________ was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

① the southern-facing portion

② the surface of the garden bed

③ the sloped section of the plot

④ the area between the plants

⑤ the vegetable growing space

3강-2	| 빈칸추론 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

⑤

♣ 대의, 목적

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That's not loyalty. That's the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you're an astronaut, it's not the work we do that inspires us either. It's ________________ that we come to work for. We don't want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

① the achievement

② the salary

③ the recognition

④ the position

⑤ the cause

3강-1	| 지문내용 추론 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

다음 글을 읽고 추론할 수 있는 내용으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

③

♣ 글에서 저자가 채소밭을 남쪽으로 약 50도 기울어지게 만들고, 식물 사이 공간을 해변에서 가져온 평평한 돌로 덮어서 약한 늦겨울-이른 봄 햇살로부터 토양 가열을 최대화했다고 명시되어 있다. 이는 저자가 의도적으로 미기후를 조절하여 다른 사람들보다 일찍 상추와 토마토를 수확할 수 있었음을 보여줍니다.

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures. But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters mild and wet, although sunshine is scant. When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else. The bed in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.

① Vancouver는 Minot보다 남쪽에 위치해 있어 겨울이 따뜻하다.

② 태평양에서 불어오는 바람은 Vancouver의 겨울을 춥고 건조하게 만든다.

③ 저자는 남향 경사와 돌을 이용하여 미기후를 조절했다.

④ Vancouver에서는 일조량이 풍부하여 농작물 재배가 용이하다.

⑤ 기후는 항상 인간이 통제할 수 없는 영역이다.

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

3강-3	| 지문내용 추론 |

다음 글을 읽고 추론할 수 있는 내용으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

②

♣ 지문에서 DNA를 우리의 주인(master), 우리 몸의 설계도(blueprint), 우리가 자녀들에게 물려줄 것의 독재자(dictator)라고 표현하며, 우리가 이 특별한 역사의 운반체에 갇혀 있다고 했다. 이는 DNA가 개인의 의지와 상관없이 생물학적 특성과 유전을 결정하는 강력한 힘을 가지고 있음을 의미한다. 또한 유전되는 것들이 축복이 될 수도 있고 치명적인 시한폭탄이 될 수도 있는 선물이라고 하여, DNA의 절대적이고 예측 불가능한 영향력을 강조하고 있다.

In the early 1960s the great American writer James Baldwin wrote: “People are trapped in history, and history is trapped in them.” He was speaking to race when he penned those words. But the statement is equally true if the word “people” is replaced with “all of life on Earth, present and past,” for each strand of DNA, in each of our cells, is an ancient record of biological history, written in simple code and passed down from generation to generation. One could say that DNA is nothing but history, one with a physical manifestation that was slowly blended and accumulated over countless eons by the most pitiless of all phenomena— natural selection. DNA is a history that is inside us— and yet one that is our master as well, the blueprint for our bodies, and dictator of what we will pass on to our children, gifts that can be blessings or deadly time bombs. We are indeed trapped in this particular vehicle of history as much as it is trapped in us.

① 제임스 볼드윈의 인종에 대한 견해는 생물학적 관점에서 볼 때 부적절하다.

② DNA는 개인의 의지와 관계없이 생물학적 운명을 결정하는 절대적 힘을 가지고 있다.

③ 자연선택은 DNA의 역사적 기록을 파괴하는 가장 위험한 현상이다.

④ 인간은 DNA를 통해 생물학적 역사를 자유롭게 조작할 수 있는 능력을 갖고 있다.

⑤ 생물학적 유전은 항상 후세대에게 유익한 특성만을 전달한다.

3강-Gateway	| 삽입 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

③

A small business in New York can hire a freelance transcriber in Nairobi one day and New Delhi the next.

Digital platforms have made a lot of work less sticky. ( ① ) As work becomes ever more modularised, commoditised and standardised, and as markets for digital work are created, ties between service work and particular places can be disconnected. ( ② ) While the business process of outsourcing that emerged in the 1990s allowed large companies to take advantage of a ‘global reserve army’ by moving their call centres to cheap and distant labour markets, cloud work changes the volume and granularity at which geographically non-proximate work can take place. ( ③ ) No offices or factories need to be built, no local regulations are observed, and— in most cases— no local taxes are paid. ( ④ ) The switch in the production network of work happens by simply sending some emails or clicking some buttons on a digital work platform. ( ⑤ ) And, in this way, the employer leaves behind no material traces in the places where it was once an employer.

3강-2	| 삽입 |

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

③

That’s not loyalty.

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. ( ① ) Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. ( ② ) Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. ( ③ ) That’s the employee version of repeat business. ( ④ ) Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. ( ⑤ ) Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

3강-1	| 순서 |

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

③

Even outdoors, although climate (including temperature) is usually regarded as beyond the control of man, localized temperature control is sometimes effective on a microclimate scale. Vancouver, Canada, is a few miles north of the 49th parallel, about 60 miles farther north than Minot, North Dakota, with its legendary harsh winter temperatures.

(A)	The bed in which the vegetables grew was banked toward the south at approximately 50 degrees, and the area between the plants was covered with flat stones, gathered from the nearby beach, to maximize soil heating from the weak late winter–early spring sun.
(B)	But constant foehn winds off the Pacific Ocean make Vancouver winters mild and wet, although sunshine is scant.
(C)	When I had a garden there in the late 1940s, a neighbor used to say that I “cheated God” to bring in my lettuce and tomatoes earlier than anyone else.

①	(A) - (C) - (B)	②	(B) - (A) - (C)
③	(B) - (C) - (A)	④	(C) - (A) - (B)
⑤	(C) - (B) - (A)

3강-2	| 순서 |

실전 변형문제

2   23년 9월 고1 모의고사 변형문제

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

④

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day.

(A)	Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits.
(B)	And unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.
(C)	That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business.

①	(A) - (C) - (B)	②	(B) - (A) - (C)
③	(B) - (C) - (A)	④	(C) - (A) - (B)
⑤	(C) - (B) - (A)

3강-2	| 서술형 - 영작 |

다음 밑줄 친 (A) 부분을 조건에 맞도록 쓰시오.

unless you’re an astronaut, it’s not the work we do that inspires us either

Energy can always be injected into an organization to motivate people to do things. Bonuses, promotions, other carrots, and even a few sticks can get people to work harder, for sure, but the gains are, like all manipulations, short-term. Over time, such tactics cost more money and increase stress for employee and employer alike, and eventually will become the main reason people show up for work every day. That’s not loyalty. That’s the employee version of repeat business. Loyalty among employees is when they turn down more money or benefits to continue working at the same company. Loyalty to a company trumps pay and benefits. And (A) 우주 비행사가 아닌 이상, 우리에게 영감을 주는 것은 우리가 하는 일 또한 아니다. It’s the cause that we come to work for. We don’t want to come to work to build a wall; we want to come to work to build a cathedral.

♣조건♣ us / work / do / we / inspires / astronaut / that / it’s / you’re / not / unless / an / the

♣조건♣ 강조구문을 사용하세요. the work가 강조됩니다.

답: unless __________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________, either / too [선택].

실전 변형문제

2   영어 03강

3강-3	| 서술형 - 영작 |

다음 밑줄 친 (A) 부분을 조건에 맞도록 쓰시오.

We are indeed trapped in this particular vehicle of history as much as it is trapped in us

In the early 1960s the great American writer James Baldwin wrote: “People are trapped in history, and history is trapped in them.” He was speaking to race when he penned those words. But the statement is equally true if the word “people” is replaced with “all of life on Earth, present and past,” for each strand of DNA, in each of our cells, is an ancient record of biological history, written in simple code and passed down from generation to generation. One could say that DNA is nothing but history, one with a physical manifestation that was slowly blended and accumulated over countless eons by the most pitiless of all phenomena— natural selection. DNA is a history that is inside us— and yet one that is our master as well, the blueprint for our bodies, and dictator of what we will pass on to our children, gifts that can be blessings or deadly time bombs. (A) 우리는 진정 이 역사의 특정 매개물이 우리 안에 갇혀 있는 것과 마찬가지로 그것에 갇혀 있다.

♣조건♣ indeed / history / this / is / trapped / in / We / as / us / in / much / vehicle / as / are / of / trapped / particular / it

♣조건♣ as much as ‘~만큼 많이’라는 의미입니다.

답: __________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________